ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. Methods Live born infants, including those diagnosed with neonatal asphyxia, were recruited from 16 different hospitals in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from January to December of 2016. The 16 hospitals included four grade A tertiary hospitals (three general hospitals and one traditional Chinese medicine hospital) and 12 grade A secondary hospitals (eight general hospitals, one maternal and child health hospital and three traditional Chinese medicine hospitals). A retrospective investigation was conducted using questionnaire to analyze the basic information, perinatal risk factors and prognosis of those infants. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results Among 22 294 recruited live born infants, 733 (3.29%) were diagnosed with neonatal asphyxia on discharge, including 627 (85.54%) mild cases and 106 (14.46%) severe cases. And neonatal asphyxia resulted in deaths of 27 cases (3.68%). The risk factors for neonatal asphyxia included multiple pregnancy, pregnancy conceived with assisted reproductive technology, premature infant, low birth weight infant, fetal malposition, congenital malformation, male infant, born during transfer, mother of Tujia nationality, low educational level (primary school or lower), living in rural area, the number of antenatal visits ≤3, history of early threatened abortion, anemia in pregnancy, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, chorioamnionitis, abnormal pregnancy history and abnormality of umbilical cord, amniotic fluid or placenta. Conclusions The incidence of neonatal asphyxia in Enshi area is obviously higher than the national average. The main risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in this area are related to maternal background and the living condition of the mother during pregnancy, delivery as well as the newborn at birth.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate MRI features of metanephric adenoma(MA). Methods The retrospective analysis was performed on 6 adult patients that were scanned by regular, DWI and dynamic-enhancement MRI two weeks before surgery and diagnosed with MA pathologically after surgery. MRI features of lesions were observed. The signal intensities of lesions and contralateral normal renal cortex and medulla were respectively measured in plain scan, cortex, parenchyma and delayed phase. The enhancement magnitudes were calculated and the ADC values of lesions were measured. The differences of the signal intensity and enhancement magnitude were assessed by paired-sample t test among renal cotex, medulla and lesions. Results All lesions in MA were single and solid masses. Four cases occurred in the right kidney and two cases in the left kidney. The maximum diameters of the lesions ranged from 21 to 79 mm and the mean value was(41 ± 20)mm. Five cases were round or oval, while one case was irregular. The signal intensity in five cases was slightly lower in T2WI than the renal parenchyma, while one case was slightly higher than the renal parenchyma. The hyperintentsity of DWI and hypointensity of ADC were seen in all cases. The mean ADC value was(0.759 ± 0.211) × 10-3mm2/s. Hemorrhage were seen in two cases. Necrosis was present in one case and the capsules were seen in two cases. No scar, fat and swollen lymph nodes was seen in all cases . There was no statistical significance of the signal intensity between lesions measure in the plain scan and normal renal parenchyma(P>0.05). After adminstrating contrast materials, all lesions shown persistently mild to moderate enhancement . The siganl intensities of lesions measured in three phases after enhancement were signifcantly lower than those of the renal cortex(P0.05). But the signal intensities of leisons in delayed phases were significantly lower than thoseof renal medulla(P<0.05). Except from the difference of enhanced magnitude in cortex phase between lesions and normal medulla, significant differences were present between leisons and normal renal parenchyma(P<0.05). Conclusion MRI manifestations of MA show certain distinction, including, dominantly solid lesions, relatively lower signal intensity of lesions than that of renal cortex, slowly persistent enhancement, high signal on DWI and low signal on ADC.
ABSTRACT
Specific antibodies purified from sera of rabbit infected with Toxoplasma gondii were used to immun-oscreen the 12-mer and 7-mer phage random peptide libraries. By 3 rounds of screening, 70 clones were picked out ra-ndomly to test the specificity and 43 were found positive by ELISA. 23 of the 43 positive clones showing strong reaction in ELISA were picked out for sequencing. Clone A7 was selected as mimic antigen in ELISA test after analysis of the 23 short peptide sequences. 23 out of 47 sera from rabbits infected with Toxoplasma gondii were ELISA positive by A7 mimic antigen with a positive rate of 68.1%, and 10 of 155 sera from healthy persons showed false positive with a sp-ecificity of 93.5%. The primary result suggests that mimic antigen may have a potential use in diagnose of toxoplasmosis.